Table of Contents
According to the Lancet report, the total number of children, adolescents and adults across the world living with obesity has crossed one billion. The numbers seem concerning because there has been a declining prevalence of individuals who are underweight since 1990, making obesity the most common form of malnutrition in most countries.
Obesity is associated with numerous health risks and complications, both physical and psychological. (Image: Freepik)
New Delhi: Obesity among children in India has shot up with nearly 12.5 million of those between the ages of five and 19 years in 2022 compared to 0.4 million in 1990, revealed a global analysis published in the Lancet journal. The report noted that out of 12.5, 7.3 million were boys and 5.2. million girls. Additionally, the total number of children, adolescents and adults across the world living with obesity has crossed one billion. The numbers seem concerning because there has been a declining prevalence of individuals who are underweight since 1990, making obesity the most common form of malnutrition in most countries.
According to an earlier report released by the Lancet, the link between abdominal obesity in females is stronger in older age groups, people from urban residents, non-vegetarians and people from the wealthier sections. Further, the report also noted that for people practising the Sikh religion, the rate is higher in both men and women.
Dr Prashant Patil, Consultant Paediatric Endocrinology, NHSRCC Children’s Hospital, Mumbai told News9, Obesity is associated with numerous health risks and complications, both physical and psychological.
Some of the primary risks associated with obesity include:
Cardiovascular Disease: Obesity increases the risk of heart disease and stroke due to factors such as high blood pressure, high cholesterol levels, and insulin resistance.
Type 2 Diabetes: Obesity is a major risk factor for developing type 2 diabetes, as excess body fat can lead to insulin resistance, where the body’s cells do not respond properly to insulin.
Joint Problems: Excess weight puts additional pressure on joints, leading to conditions such as osteoarthritis, which can cause pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility.
Sleep Apnea: Obesity is a leading cause of sleep apnea, a condition characterized by pauses in breathing during sleep, which can lead to daytime fatigue and an increased risk of cardiovascular problems.
Certain Cancers: Obesity has been linked to an increased risk of certain types of cancer, including breast, colon, endometrial, and kidney cancer.
Respiratory Issues: Obesity can restrict lung function and lead to conditions. obstructive sleep apnea and central hypoventilation syndrome, where inadequate breathing results in low oxygen levels and high carbon dioxide levels in the blood which can be life-threatening situations.
Digestive Disorders: Obesity is associated with an increased risk of digestive disorders such as gallbladder disease, fatty liver disease, and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).
Mental Health Issues: Obesity can have significant psychological effects, including low self-esteem, depression, and anxiety, often stemming from societal stigma and discrimination
Prevention methods
According to Dr Patil, “Preventing obesity involves adopting a combination of healthy lifestyle habits. The importance of a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and lean proteins, coupled with portion control and regular exercise is paramount. Mindfulness of sedentary behaviour, hydration, sleep, and stress management are pivotal. Limiting screen time to < 2 hours/day and seeking support from loved ones or healthcare professionals are also essential. Education on nutrition and avoiding crash diets are paramount. Regular health check-ups aid in monitoring progress. By integrating these strategies, individuals can mitigate the risk of obesity and enhance overall health.
Follow us on social media