Ward off the wheezing woes as seasons change

With the change in climate, health professionals are witnessing a surge in the number of wheezing cases among children. Due to exposure to cold air, low immunity, or viral infections, many wheezing cases are being observed. Wheezing is characterised by a high-pitched whistling sound during breathing and is often associated with underlying respiratory conditions. Experts say that they have been observing at least 10–12 cases per day.

Dr Parimala V Thirumalesh, Sr Consultant - Neonatology and Paediatrics, Aster CMI Hospital, said, “Causes of winter wheezing range from lower immunity, viral infections like respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza, to irritants such as cold air and indoor pollutants. Limited outdoor activity and changes in daily routine are also some of the common factors that contribute to an increase in wheezing. Younger children (below 5 years old) are more susceptible to the effects of cold weather on their respiratory health due to their underdeveloped immune systems and smaller airways.”

Also during this season, the children are less active and stay indoors, which may increase their exposure to allergens like dust mites, mold, and secondhand smoke, which can also trigger wheezing, she added.

Children who even have pre-existing respiratory conditions such as asthma or allergies are said to be at higher risk during the winter season. “Cold weather and low immunity may lead to increased viral infections such as the common cold and flu. These viruses can irritate the airways and trigger wheezing in children, especially those with underlying respiratory vulnerabilities,” explained Dr Thirumalesh.

Dr Yogesh Kumar Gupta, Consultant Paediatrician and Intensivist, Fortis Hospital, Bannerghatta Road, had cases of children being admitted to the paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) due to wheezing.

“In addition to various viral respiratory infections, pollutants, pollen, and dust can induce wheezing in children. During the present season, we are observing at least 6-7 kids daily who present with wheezing and require some form of intervention (the number may be higher, as many walk into emergency and evening OP). Every week, 3–4 kids are admitted to the PICU with severe wheezing, necessitating intensive care monitoring. Cold weather can escalate respiratory viral infections, exacerbating wheezing in susceptible children,” he said.