TOLENTINO_ANTIBIOTICS.docx – Antibiotics Penicillin Name of the drug Penicillin G sodium(basic penicillin Mode of Action Inhibition of cell wall

Antibiotics: Penicillin
Name of the drug
Mode of Action
Indication
Side Effects
Nursing Considerations
Penicillin G sodium
(basic penicillin)
Inhibition of cell wall
synthesis during
microorganism
multiplication
Bacterial infection
caused by non-
penicillinase-
producing strains of
gram-positive and
gram-negative aerobic
cocci, spirochetes, or
certain gram-positive
aerobic and anaerobic
bacilli

Hypersensitivity

Occurrence of secondary infection
when the flora of the body is
disturbed

Gastrointestinal disturbances like
nausea, vomiting, diarrhea

Monitor the patient for adverse
effects, such as seizures, anaphylaxis,
leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia.

Monitor electrolyte levels with high
doses.

Monitor for signs of superinfection,
including yeast infections and
Clostridium difficile colitis.

Obtain a specimen for culture and
sensitivity tests before giving the first
dose. Therapy may begin pending
results.
Amoxicillin (broad-
spectrum penicillin)
Inhibition of cell wall
synthesis during
microorganism
multiplication
Respiratory tract
infection, urinary tract
infection, otitis media,
and sinusitis
Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, rash,
stomatitis, seizures,
pseudomembranous colitis, edema,
insomnia, dysphagia

Watch for seizures

Monitor signs of pseudomembranous
colitis, including diarrhea, abdominal
pain, fever, pus or mucus in stool, and
other severe or prolonged GI
problems (nausea, vomiting,
heartburn)

Monitor signs of allergic reactions
and anaphylaxis, including pulmonary
symptoms (tightness in the throat
and chest, wheezing, cough dyspnea)
or skin reactions (rash, pruritus,
urticaria)

Assess muscle aches and joint pain
(arthralgia) that may be caused by
serum sickness.
Dicloxacillin
(Penicillinase-
Resistant Penicillin)
Inhibition of cell wall
synthesis during
microorganism
multiplication
Staphylococcus aureus
infection
Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, rash,
stomatitis, seizures,
pseudomembranous colitis, abdominal
pain, flatulence

Watch for seizures

Monitor signs of allergic reactions
and anaphylaxis, including pulmonary
symptoms (tightness in the throat
and chest, wheezing, cough dyspnea)
or skin reactions (rash, pruritus,
urticaria)

Assess muscle aches and joint pain
(arthralgia) that may be caused by