Cost-effectiveness of Remdesivir and Dexamethasone for COVID-19 Treatment in South Africa

% of patients requiring mechanical ventilation  42  34  49  Triangular  [8, 12, 13, 15]  Days of hospitalization for nonventilated patients   15  5  18  Triangular    Days of hospitalization for ventilated patients   19  13  32  Triangular    Efficacy  Base  Low  High  Distribution  Source  Reduced days of hospitalization with remdesivir (from 15 days to 10 days)  5  1  9  Triangular  [14, 15]  Mortality if those additional patients receive ICU care, %  50  40  85  Beta  [12]  Mortality if those additional patients do not receive ICU care, %   90  85  100  Beta  [12]  Mortality rate reduction for earlier stage (nonventilated) patients due to remdesivir, %  0  0  70  Beta  [14, 15]  Mortality rate reduction for later stage (ventilated) patients due to dexamethasone, %  35  18  49  Beta  [8]  Mortality rate reduction for earlier stage (nonventilated) patients due to dexamethasone, %  20  8  30  Beta  [8]  Cost inputs  USD   Low  High  Distribution  Source  Health system operation cost in ICU per person day, $  1128  665  1172  Gamma  [15]  Cost of remdesivir regimen (200-mg IV loading dose followed by 100 mg IV daily for a maximum of 5 days), $  330   99  400  Gamma  [17]  Cost of dexamethasone regimen (6 mg PO/IV for up to 10 days), $  31   16  47  Gamma  [18]