3Mar Module 2 Medications Flashcards | Quizlet Posted by: admin Categories: Common Cold Comments Off on Module 2 Medications Flashcards | Quizlet Module 2 Medications Flashcards | Quizlet Nitroglycerin: Trade Name Nitroglycerin: Classification Nitroglycerin: Mechanism of Action (1) Vasodilator effect on veins more than arteries(2) Decreases preload by venous pooling, thereby decreasing myocardial workload and O2 consumption Nitroglycerin: Indications AnginaCHFAcute pulmonary edemaSymptomatic hypertensive crisis Nitroglycerin: Contraindications Systolic BP less than 90mmHgViagra/Cialis/Levitra in last 24 hours (Med consult req)Asymptomatic hypertensionPediatric patient less than 12 years old*Inferior AMI* perform RT sided 12 lead to rule out Nitroglycerin: Adverse Effects NauseaVomitingHeadacheDizzinessHypotensionDecreased LOC Nitroglycerin: Chest Pain Dosage 0.4mg SL q 3-5min, max dose 1.2mg (3 doses) Nitroglycerin: Pulmonary Edema Dosage 0.4mg SL q 3-5min, max dose 1.2mg (3 doses)Nitro paste 1 inch applied to chest wall. Remove and clean skin if PT become hypotensive Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride: Trade Name Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride: Classification Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride: Mechanism of Action H1 receptor antagonist blocking histamine from binding, reducing allergic and anaphylactic response and the allergy cascade. Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride: Pharmacokinetics Effect begins within 1-5 minutes of IV dosePeak effect in 1-4 hoursMetabolized through the liver Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride: Indications Allergic reactionsAnaphylaxisDystonic reactions (Extrapyramidal symptoms)Chemical restraint Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride: Contraindications Acute Asthma exacerbation Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride: Adverse Effects DrowsinessBlurred visionHeadacheLoss of coordinationHypotensionTachycardiaPalpitationsThickening of bronchial secretions leading to chest tightness and wheezing Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride: Precautions Use caution with patients with:Severe vomitingAlcohol intoxicationMedical consult required for nursing mothersDecreased LOC**High doses can cause delirium and hallucinations Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride: Adult Dosage Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride: Pediatric Dosage 1mg/kg slow IV/IO/IMMax single dose 25mg Acetylsalicylic Acid: Trade Name Acetylsalicylic Acid: Classification AntiplateletAntipyreticAnalgesicAnti-Inflammatory Acetylsalicylic Acid: Mechanism of Action (1) Prevents formation of Thromboxane A2, inhibiting the clotting cascade by decreasing platelet aggregation(2) Prolongs bleeding time Acetylsalicylic Acid: Indications Chest pain of suspected cardiac originAcute Coronary Syndromes (with or without chest pain) Acetylsalicylic Acid: Contraindications Bleeding disordersCaution with patients with recent surgical procedures Acetylsalicylic Acid: Adverse Effects Allergic reactionBleeding Acetylsalicylic Acid: Adult Dosage 324mg (4 x 81mg pill)Instruct patient to chew the pills for faster absorption (Respiratory) Epinephrine: Trade Name (Respiratory) Epinephrine: Classification SympathomimeticAdrenergic Catecholamine (Respiratory) Epinephrine: Mechanism of Action Causes "Fight of Flight" response:Alpha - peripheral vasoconstrictionBeta 1 - Increased inotorpy, chronotropy, dromotropy, and automaticityBeta 2 - Bronchodilation and skeletal muscle vasodilation (Respiratory) Epinephrine: Pharmacokinetics (1) IV administration has extremely rapid onset(2) Rapidly INactivated by the liver(3) SQ administration gives slower absorption due to local vasoconstriction(4) Topically applied nebulizer within the respiratory tract, epi has vasoconstrictor properties, which results in reduction of mucosal and submucosal edema (Respiratory) Epinephrine: Indications AnaphylaxisBronchial AsthmaRespiratory Stridor (suspected croup) (Respiratory) Epinephrine: Contraindications HypertensionNo contraindications in cardiac arrest settings (Respiratory) Epinephrine: Adverse Effects TachydysrhythmiasHypertensionMay induce early laborHeadacheNervousnessRebound edema may occur in 20-30min in croup patientsTremors/shakes (Respiratory) Epinephrine: Pediatric Dosage for Croup (Neb) 3mg (1:1000) via nebulizer diluted in 3ml of NSIf no improvement, repeat initial dose(SC/IM) 0.01mg/kg MAX dose 0.3mg (Respiratory) Epinephrine: Adult Dosage for Anaphylactic Shock / Asthma 0.3-0.5mg (1:1,000) slow IV/IO infusion over 5min (Respiratory) Epinephrine: Adult Dosage for anaphylaxis with life threatening manifestations Consider 0.1mg 1:10,000 slow IV/IO infusion over 5min (Respiratory) Epinephrine: Pediatric Dosage for Anaphylactic Shock / Asthma 0.01mg/kg (1:1,000) SQ/IMMAX single dose 0.3mg (1) Do not mix with Sodium Bicarbonate or Furosemide as this deactivates Epinephrine(2) Epi causes dramatic increase in myocardial oxygen demand(3) IV Epi should be reserved for cardiac arrest patients and for impending cardiac arrest due to anaphylactic shock Furosemide: Classification Furosemide: Mechanism of Action Inhibits reabsorption of sodium and chloride in the kidneys at the Loop of Henle and proximal tubule of the nephron in the kidneys. Water follows salt; so the water is also not reabsorbed and is then excreted into the bladder and released as urine. Furosemide: Contraindications Hypovolemia / DehydrationHypokalemia / Electrolyte depletion Furosemide: Adverse Effects HypotensionElectrolyte Imbalances 0.5 - 1.0 mg/kg IV/IO(40mg if not on Lasix, 80mg if already on Lasix)Administer slowlyFlush line well prior to and after administration Initial effects from increased venous capacitance should be seen within about 5minDiuresis will begin within 15-30 minutes after administration Morphine Sulfate: Classification Morphine Sulfate: Mechanism of Action - Decreases pain perception and anxiety and produces euphoria- Decreased respiratory effort- Causes peripheral dilation which decreases preload- Binds with opiate receptors in the CNS altering perception and emotional response to pain Morphine Sulfate: Indications AMIBurnsIsolated injuries requiring pain releifPulmonary edema CHF Morphine Sulfate: Contraindications Head InjuryMulti-system traumaCOPD with compromised respiratory effortHypotensionSensitivity to morphine, codeine, or Percodan Morphine Sulfate: Adverse Effects NauseaVomitingRespiratory depression / arrestAltered mental statusDecreased LOCIncreased vagal tone (slowed heart rate)BronchospasmItch Morphine Sulfate: Adult Dosage for AMI/Pulmonary Edema 2 - 10 mg slow IV/IO/IM for pain not relieved by nitro if systolic is over 90mmHg Morphine Sulfate: Adult Dosage for Isolated Injury 2 - 10 mg slow IV/IO/IMAdditional 2 - 10 mg dose up to 20 mg or until pain is relieved Morphine Sulfate: Adult Dosage for Burns Morphine Sulfate: Pediatric Dosage for Isolated Injuries 0.1 mg/kg slow IV push or IM if systolic BP is over 100 mmHgMAX total dose 10 mg Narcan reverses all effectsAdminister slowly and titrate to effectMonitor vital signs frequentlyHypotension in volume-depleted patientsEtCO2 must be monitored when patient becomes compliantDocument wasted volume Source link
sleep meds, diphenhydramine decreases sleep quality, looking to ask my doctor for another one : insomnia
ChemIDplus – 0956596080 – XVXGWWOWCFLBRO-WGZMRZIQSA-N – Chlorpheniramine mixture with ibuprofen and pseudoephedrine
